"Paradoxical Mind is represent as a part of, Modern Man of Modern Soul. With Confusion, Indecision, Self-Contradiction, Individualism etc.
Modern man may refer to:
*. Modernity , recent history and society, especially:
*. The modern individual or everyman.
*. The contemporary human condition .
*. Anatomically modern humans , Homo sapiens of the last
200,000 years.
Modernity is a term of art used in the humanities and
social sciences to designate both a historical period (the
modern era ), as well as the ensemble of particular socio-
cultural norms, attitudes and practices that arose in post-
medieval Europe and have developed since, in various ways
and at various times, around the world.
While it includes a wide range of interrelated historical processes and cultural phenomena (from fashion to modern warfare ), it can also refer to the subjective or existential experience of the conditions they produce, and their ongoing impact on human culture, institutions, and politics ( Berman 2010,15–36).
As a historical category, modernity refers to a period
marked by a questioning or rejection of tradition; the
prioritization of individualism , freedom and formal equality ;
faith in inevitable social, scientific and technological
progress and human perfectibility; rationalization and
professionalization ; a movement from feudalism (or
agrarianism ) toward capitalism and the market economy;
industrialization , urbanization and secularization; the
development of the nation-state and its constituent
institutions (e.g. representative democracy, public
education , modern bureaucracy) and forms of surveillance
( Foucault 1995, 170–77). Some writers have suggested
there is more than one possible modernity, given the
unsettled nature of the term and of history itself.
As an analytical concept and normative ideal, modernity is
closely linked to the ethos of philosophical and aesthetic
modernism ; political and intellectual currents that intersect
with the Enlightenment ; and subsequent developments as
diverse as Marxism , existentialism , modern art and the
formal establishment of social science. It also
encompasses the social relations associated with the rise
of capitalism, and shifts in attitudes associated with
secularisation and post-industrial life ( Berman 2010 , 15–36).
Etymology:
The term "modern" (Latin modernus from modo , "just now")
dates from the 5th century, originally distinguishing the
Christian era from the Pagan era. In the 6th century AD,
Cassiodorus appears to have been the first writer to use
"modern" ( modernus ) regularly to refer to his own age
( O'Donnell 1979 , 235 n9). However, the word entered
general usage only in the 17th-century quarrel of the
Ancients and the Moderns —debating: "Is Modern culture
superior to Classical (Græco–Roman) culture?"—a literary
and artistic quarrel within the Académie française in the
early 1690s.
In these [ which? ] usages, "modernity" denoted the
renunciation of the recent past, favouring a new beginning,
and a re-interpretation of historical origin. The distinction
between "modernity" and "modern" did not arise until the
19th century ( Delanty 2007).
"The modern is thus defined by the way in
which prior valences of social life ... are
reconstituted through a constructivist
reframing of social practices in relation
to basic categories of existence common
to all humans: time, space, embodiment,
performance and knowledge. The word
‘reconstituted’ here explicitly does not
mean replaced. (James 2015, 51–52). "
★. Modern Man's Life/Mind/Soul is full of PARADOX.
Paradox : সম্ভাব্যতা-বিরোধী ব্যক্তি বা বস্তু, আপাত বিরোধী হলেও সত্য, কূটাভাস, আপার্তবৈপরীতা, প্রচলিত মতের বিরুদ্ধ মতবাদ, কূট।
Paradox = হেঁয়ালি ( ইংরেজি - Paradox, গ্রীক - παράδοξος) বলতে
একটি আংশিক সত্য বিবৃতি বা প্রস্তাবনা বুঝায় যা সাধারণ চিন্তাধারার
সাথে একটি বিরোধের সৃষ্টি করে। (Bn.Wikipedia)
A paradox is a statement that contradicts itself and yet
might be true (or wrong at the same time). Some
logical paradoxes are known to be invalid arguments but
are still valuable in promoting critical thinking .
In common usage, the word "paradox" often refers to
statements that are ironic or unexpected, such as "the
paradox that standing is more tiring than walking".
Common themes in paradoxes include self-reference ,
infinite regress, circular definitions, and confusion between
different levels of abstraction.
Patrick Hughes outlines three laws of the paradox:
*. Self-reference:
An example is "This statement is false", a form of the
liar paradox. The statement is referring to itself.
Another example of self-reference is the question of
whether the barber shaves himself in the barber
paradox. One more example would be "Is the answer to
this question 'No'?"
*. Contradiction:
"This statement is false"; the statement cannot be false
and true at the same time. Another example of
contradiction is if a man talking to a genie wishes that
wishes couldn't come true. This contradicts itself
because if the genie grants his wish, he did not grant
his wish, and if he refuses to grant his wish, then he did
indeed grant his wish, therefore making it impossible to
either grant or not grant his wish because his wish
contradicts itself.
*. Vicious circularity, or infinite regress:
"This statement is false"; if the statement is true, then
the statement is false, thereby making the statement
true. Another example of vicious circularity is the
following group of statements:
"The following sentence is true."
"The previous sentence is false."
A paradox that is in neither class may be an antinomy ,
which reaches a self-contradictory result by properly
applying accepted ways of reasoning.
A paradox that is both true and false at the same time
and in the same sense is called a dialetheia.
In philosophy:
A taste for paradox is central to the philosophies of Laozi,
Zhuangzi , Heraclitus, Bhartrhari , Meister Eckhart , Hegel ,
Kierkegaard , Nietzsche , and G.K. Chesterton, among many
others. Søren Kierkegaard, for example, writes, in the
Philosophical Fragments , that
"But one must not think ill of the paradox,
for the paradox is the passion of thought,
and the thinker without the paradox is
like the lover without passion: a
mediocre fellow. But the ultimate
potentiation of every passion is always to
will its own downfall, and so it is also the
ultimate passion of the understanding to
will the collision, although in one way or
another the collision must become its
downfall. This, then, is the ultimate
paradox of thought: to want to discover
something that thought itself cannot think."
★★. Source : Wikipedia.
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